refac: modernize type annotations (PEP 604 / PEP 585)

backend/open_webui/routers/analytics.py

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-from typing import Optional
-from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from collections import defaultdict
 import logging
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from collections import defaultdict
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.models.chat_messages import ChatMessages, ChatMessageModel
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.chat_messages import ChatMessageModel, ChatMessages
 from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
+from open_webui.models.feedbacks import Feedbacks
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.users import Users
-from open_webui.models.feedbacks import Feedbacks
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/routers/audio.py

@@ -1,24 +1,22 @@
 import asyncio
-import io
+import base64
 import hashlib
+import html
+import io
 import json
 import logging
+import mimetypes
 import os
 import uuid
-import html
-import base64
-from pydub import AudioSegment
-from pydub.silence import split_on_silence
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+from fnmatch import fnmatch
 from typing import Optional
 
-from fnmatch import fnmatch
-import aiohttp
 import aiofiles
+import aiohttp
 import requests
-import mimetypes
-
 from fastapi import (
+    APIRouter,
     Depends,
     FastAPI,
     File,
@@ -27,38 +25,36 @@ from fastapi import (
     Request,
     UploadFile,
     status,
-    APIRouter,
 )
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.misc import strict_match_mime_type
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
-from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
 from open_webui.config import (
-    WHISPER_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE,
-    WHISPER_COMPUTE_TYPE,
-    WHISPER_MODEL_DIR,
-    WHISPER_VAD_FILTER,
     CACHE_DIR,
-    WHISPER_LANGUAGE,
-    WHISPER_MULTILINGUAL,
     ELEVENLABS_API_BASE_URL,
+    WHISPER_COMPUTE_TYPE,
+    WHISPER_LANGUAGE,
+    WHISPER_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE,
+    WHISPER_MODEL_DIR,
+    WHISPER_MULTILINGUAL,
+    WHISPER_VAD_FILTER,
 )
-
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import (
-    ENV,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_MODEL_LIST,
     BYPASS_PYDUB_PREPROCESSING,
     DEVICE_TYPE,
     ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS,
+    ENV,
 )
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
+from open_webui.utils.misc import strict_match_mime_type
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydub import AudioSegment
+from pydub.silence import split_on_silence
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -364,8 +360,8 @@ async def update_audio_config(request: Request, form_data: AudioConfigUpdateForm
 
 
 def load_speech_pipeline(request):
-    from transformers import pipeline
     from datasets import load_dataset
+    from transformers import pipeline
 
     if request.app.state.speech_synthesiser is None:
         request.app.state.speech_synthesiser = pipeline('text-to-speech', 'microsoft/speecht5_tts')
@@ -592,8 +588,8 @@ async def speech(request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
             log.exception(e)
             raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail='Invalid JSON payload')
 
-        import torch
         import soundfile as sf
+        import torch
 
         load_speech_pipeline(request)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/auths.py

@@ -1,92 +1,86 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
-import re
-import uuid
-import time
 import datetime
 import logging
-from aiohttp import ClientSession
+import re
+import time
 import urllib
+import uuid
+from ssl import CERT_NONE, CERT_REQUIRED, PROTOCOL_TLS
+from typing import List, Optional
 
-
+from aiohttp import ClientSession
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse, Response
+from ldap3 import NONE, Connection, Server, Tls
+from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars
+from open_webui.config import (
+    ENABLE_LDAP,
+    ENABLE_OAUTH_SIGNUP,
+    ENABLE_PASSWORD_AUTH,
+    OAUTH_MERGE_ACCOUNTS_BY_EMAIL,
+    OAUTH_PROVIDERS,
+    OPENID_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT,
+    OPENID_PROVIDER_URL,
+)
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES, WEBHOOK_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import (
+    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
+    ENABLE_INITIAL_ADMIN_SIGNUP,
+    ENABLE_OAUTH_TOKEN_EXCHANGE,
+    WEBUI_AUTH,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SAME_SITE,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SECURE,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_GROUPS_HEADER,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_NAME_HEADER,
+    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_ROLE_HEADER,
+)
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.auths import (
     AddUserForm,
     ApiKey,
     Auths,
-    Token,
     LdapForm,
     SigninForm,
     SigninResponse,
     SignupForm,
+    Token,
     UpdatePasswordForm,
 )
-from open_webui.models.users import (
-    UserModel,
-    UserProfileImageResponse,
-    Users,
-    UpdateProfileForm,
-    UserStatus,
-)
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
-
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES, WEBHOOK_MESSAGES
-from open_webui.env import (
-    WEBUI_AUTH,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_EMAIL_HEADER,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_NAME_HEADER,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_GROUPS_HEADER,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_TRUSTED_ROLE_HEADER,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SAME_SITE,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_COOKIE_SECURE,
-    WEBUI_AUTH_SIGNOUT_REDIRECT_URL,
-    ENABLE_INITIAL_ADMIN_SIGNUP,
-    ENABLE_OAUTH_TOKEN_EXCHANGE,
-    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
+from open_webui.models.users import (
+    UpdateProfileForm,
+    UserModel,
+    UserProfileImageResponse,
+    Users,
+    UserStatus,
 )
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from fastapi.responses import RedirectResponse, Response, JSONResponse
-from open_webui.config import (
-    OPENID_PROVIDER_URL,
-    OPENID_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT,
-    ENABLE_OAUTH_SIGNUP,
-    ENABLE_LDAP,
-    ENABLE_PASSWORD_AUTH,
-    OAUTH_PROVIDERS,
-    OAUTH_MERGE_ACCOUNTS_BY_EMAIL,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.oauth import auth_manager_config
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-from open_webui.utils.misc import parse_duration, validate_email_format
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import get_permissions, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import (
-    validate_password,
-    verify_password,
-    decode_token,
-    invalidate_token,
     create_api_key,
     create_token,
+    decode_token,
     get_admin_user,
-    get_verified_user,
     get_current_user,
-    get_password_hash,
     get_http_authorization_cred,
+    get_password_hash,
+    get_verified_user,
+    invalidate_token,
+    validate_password,
+    verify_password,
 )
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.utils.webhook import post_webhook
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import get_permissions, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.groups import apply_default_group_assignment
-
-from open_webui.utils.redis import get_redis_client
+from open_webui.utils.misc import parse_duration, validate_email_format
+from open_webui.utils.oauth import auth_manager_config
 from open_webui.utils.rate_limit import RateLimiter
-
-
-from typing import Optional, List
-
-from ssl import CERT_NONE, CERT_REQUIRED, PROTOCOL_TLS
-
-from ldap3 import Server, Connection, NONE, Tls
-from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars
+from open_webui.utils.redis import get_redis_client
+from open_webui.utils.webhook import post_webhook
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -155,14 +149,14 @@ async def create_session_response(
 
 
 class SessionUserResponse(Token, UserProfileImageResponse):
-    expires_at: Optional[int] = None
-    permissions: Optional[dict] = None
+    expires_at: int | None = None
+    permissions: dict | None = None
 
 
 class SessionUserInfoResponse(SessionUserResponse, UserStatus):
-    bio: Optional[str] = None
-    gender: Optional[str] = None
-    date_of_birth: Optional[datetime.date] = None
+    bio: str | None = None
+    gender: str | None = None
+    date_of_birth: datetime.date | None = None
 
 
 @router.get('/', response_model=SessionUserInfoResponse)
@@ -1031,7 +1025,7 @@ async def get_admin_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
 
 class AdminConfig(BaseModel):
     SHOW_ADMIN_DETAILS: bool
-    ADMIN_EMAIL: Optional[str] = None
+    ADMIN_EMAIL: str | None = None
     WEBUI_URL: str
     ENABLE_SIGNUP: bool
     ENABLE_API_KEYS: bool
@@ -1043,9 +1037,9 @@ class AdminConfig(BaseModel):
     ENABLE_COMMUNITY_SHARING: bool
     ENABLE_MESSAGE_RATING: bool
     ENABLE_FOLDERS: bool
-    FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT: Optional[int | str] = None
-    AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT: Optional[int | str] = None
-    AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL: Optional[int | str] = None
+    FOLDER_MAX_FILE_COUNT: int | str | None = None
+    AUTOMATION_MAX_COUNT: int | str | None = None
+    AUTOMATION_MIN_INTERVAL: int | str | None = None
     ENABLE_AUTOMATIONS: bool
     ENABLE_CHANNELS: bool
     ENABLE_CALENDAR: bool
@@ -1053,9 +1047,9 @@ class AdminConfig(BaseModel):
     ENABLE_NOTES: bool
     ENABLE_USER_WEBHOOKS: bool
     ENABLE_USER_STATUS: bool
-    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE: Optional[str] = None
-    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT: Optional[str] = None
-    RESPONSE_WATERMARK: Optional[str] = None
+    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_TITLE: str | None = None
+    PENDING_USER_OVERLAY_CONTENT: str | None = None
+    RESPONSE_WATERMARK: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/admin/config')
@@ -1140,7 +1134,7 @@ async def update_admin_config(request: Request, form_data: AdminConfig, user=Dep
 class LdapServerConfig(BaseModel):
     label: str
     host: str
-    port: Optional[int] = None
+    port: int | None = None
     attribute_for_mail: str = 'mail'
     attribute_for_username: str = 'uid'
     app_dn: str
@@ -1148,9 +1142,9 @@ class LdapServerConfig(BaseModel):
     search_base: str
     search_filters: str = ''
     use_tls: bool = True
-    certificate_path: Optional[str] = None
+    certificate_path: str | None = None
     validate_cert: bool = True
-    ciphers: Optional[str] = 'ALL'
+    ciphers: str | None = 'ALL'
 
 
 @router.get('/admin/config/ldap/server', response_model=LdapServerConfig)
@@ -1223,7 +1217,7 @@ async def get_ldap_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
 
 
 class LdapConfigForm(BaseModel):
-    enable_ldap: Optional[bool] = None
+    enable_ldap: bool | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/admin/config/ldap')

backend/open_webui/routers/automations.py

@@ -1,30 +1,29 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
-
 from typing import Optional
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.automations import (
-    Automations,
-    AutomationRuns,
     AutomationForm,
+    AutomationListResponse,
     AutomationModel,
     AutomationResponse,
     AutomationRunModel,
-    AutomationListResponse,
+    AutomationRuns,
+    Automations,
 )
-from open_webui.utils.automations import (
-    validate_rrule,
-    next_run_ns,
-    next_n_runs_ns,
-    execute_automation,
-    rrule_interval_seconds,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user, get_admin_user
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.automations import (
+    execute_automation,
+    next_n_runs_ns,
+    next_run_ns,
+    rrule_interval_seconds,
+    validate_rrule,
+)
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/calendar.py

@@ -3,28 +3,27 @@ import time
 from typing import Optional
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.calendar import (
-    Calendars,
-    CalendarEvents,
     CalendarEventAttendees,
-    CalendarForm,
-    CalendarUpdateForm,
     CalendarEventForm,
-    CalendarEventUpdateForm,
-    CalendarModel,
-    CalendarEventModel,
-    CalendarEventUserResponse,
     CalendarEventListResponse,
+    CalendarEventModel,
+    CalendarEvents,
+    CalendarEventUpdateForm,
+    CalendarEventUserResponse,
+    CalendarForm,
+    CalendarModel,
+    Calendars,
+    CalendarUpdateForm,
     RSVPForm,
 )
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
 from open_webui.utils.calendar import expand_recurring_event
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ async def get_events(
         cal_id_list is None or SCHEDULED_TASKS_CALENDAR_ID in cal_id_list
     ):
         try:
-            from open_webui.models.automations import Automations, AutomationRuns
+            from open_webui.models.automations import AutomationRuns, Automations
 
             # Future runs: expand RRULEs for active automations only
             active_automations = await Automations.get_active_by_user(user.id)

backend/open_webui/routers/channels.py

@@ -1,69 +1,58 @@
-import json
-import logging
 import base64
 import io
+import json
+import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
-
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status, BackgroundTasks
-from fastapi.responses import Response, StreamingResponse, FileResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from pydantic import field_validator
-
-from open_webui.socket.main import (
-    emit_to_users,
-    enter_room_for_users,
-    sio,
-    get_user_ids_from_room,
+from fastapi import APIRouter, BackgroundTasks, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, Response, StreamingResponse
+from open_webui.config import ENABLE_ADMIN_CHAT_ACCESS, ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import STATIC_DIR
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants, has_public_read_access_grant, has_public_write_access_grant
+from open_webui.models.channels import (
+    ChannelForm,
+    ChannelModel,
+    ChannelResponse,
+    Channels,
+    ChannelWebhookForm,
+    ChannelWebhookModel,
+    CreateChannelForm,
+)
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.messages import (
+    MessageForm,
+    MessageModel,
+    MessageResponse,
+    Messages,
+    MessageWithReactionsResponse,
 )
 from open_webui.models.users import (
     UserIdNameResponse,
     UserIdNameStatusResponse,
     UserListResponse,
-    UserModelResponse,
-    Users,
     UserModel,
+    UserModelResponse,
     UserNameResponse,
+    Users,
 )
-
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.channels import (
-    Channels,
-    ChannelModel,
-    ChannelForm,
-    ChannelResponse,
-    CreateChannelForm,
-    ChannelWebhookModel,
-    ChannelWebhookForm,
+from open_webui.socket.main import (
+    emit_to_users,
+    enter_room_for_users,
+    get_user_ids_from_room,
+    sio,
 )
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants, has_public_read_access_grant, has_public_write_access_grant
-from open_webui.models.messages import (
-    Messages,
-    MessageModel,
-    MessageResponse,
-    MessageWithReactionsResponse,
-    MessageForm,
-)
-
-
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.channels import extract_mentions, replace_mentions
 from open_webui.utils.files import get_image_base64_from_file_id
-
-from open_webui.config import ENABLE_ADMIN_CHAT_ACCESS, ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from open_webui.env import STATIC_DIR
-
-
 from open_webui.utils.models import (
     get_all_models,
     get_filtered_models,
 )
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
 from open_webui.utils.webhook import post_webhook
-from open_webui.utils.channels import extract_mentions, replace_mentions
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from pydantic import BaseModel, field_validator
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -980,9 +969,9 @@ async def model_response_handler(request, channel, message, user, db=None):
 
                 # Resolve model config (same helpers automations use)
                 from open_webui.utils.automations import (
-                    _resolve_model_tool_ids,
                     _resolve_model_features,
                     _resolve_model_filter_ids,
+                    _resolve_model_tool_ids,
                 )
 
                 tool_ids = _resolve_model_tool_ids(request.app, model_id)

backend/open_webui/routers/chats.py

@@ -1,43 +1,41 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 from typing import Optional
 from uuid import uuid4
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-import asyncio
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
 from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.misc import get_message_list
-from open_webui.utils.middleware import serialize_output
-from open_webui.socket.main import get_event_emitter
-from open_webui.models.chats import (
-    ChatForm,
-    ChatImportForm,
-    ChatUsageStatsListResponse,
-    ChatsImportForm,
-    ChatResponse,
-    Chats,
-    ChatTitleIdResponse,
-    ChatStatsExport,
-    AggregateChatStats,
-    ChatBody,
-    ChatHistoryStats,
-    MessageStats,
-)
-from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats, SharedChatResponse
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-from open_webui.models.tags import TagModel, Tags
-from open_webui.models.folders import Folders
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-
 from open_webui.config import ENABLE_ADMIN_CHAT_ACCESS, ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.chats import (
+    AggregateChatStats,
+    ChatBody,
+    ChatForm,
+    ChatHistoryStats,
+    ChatImportForm,
+    ChatResponse,
+    Chats,
+    ChatsImportForm,
+    ChatStatsExport,
+    ChatTitleIdResponse,
+    ChatUsageStatsListResponse,
+    MessageStats,
+)
+from open_webui.models.folders import Folders
+from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChatResponse, SharedChats
+from open_webui.models.tags import TagModel, Tags
+from open_webui.socket.main import get_event_emitter
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
+from open_webui.utils.middleware import serialize_output
+from open_webui.utils.misc import get_message_list
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -54,9 +52,9 @@ router = APIRouter()
 @router.get('/list', response_model=list[ChatTitleIdResponse])
 async def get_session_user_chat_list(
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
-    page: Optional[int] = None,
-    include_pinned: Optional[bool] = False,
-    include_folders: Optional[bool] = False,
+    page: int | None = None,
+    include_pinned: bool | None = False,
+    include_folders: bool | None = False,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
     try:
@@ -92,8 +90,8 @@ async def get_session_user_chat_list(
 
 @router.get('/stats/usage', response_model=ChatUsageStatsListResponse)
 async def get_session_user_chat_usage_stats(
-    items_per_page: Optional[int] = 50,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    items_per_page: int | None = 50,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -210,7 +208,7 @@ class ChatStatsExportList(BaseModel):
     page: int
 
 
-def _process_chat_for_export(chat) -> Optional[ChatStatsExport]:
+def _process_chat_for_export(chat) -> ChatStatsExport | None:
     try:
 
         def get_message_content_length(message):
@@ -395,8 +393,8 @@ async def generate_chat_stats_jsonl_generator(user_id, filter):
 @router.get('/stats/export', response_model=ChatStatsExportList)
 async def export_chat_stats(
     request: Request,
-    updated_at: Optional[int] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    updated_at: int | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     stream: bool = False,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
@@ -438,7 +436,7 @@ async def export_chat_stats(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/stats/export/{chat_id}', response_model=Optional[ChatStatsExport])
+@router.get('/stats/export/{chat_id}', response_model=ChatStatsExport | None)
 async def export_single_chat_stats(
     request: Request,
     chat_id: str,
@@ -516,10 +514,10 @@ async def delete_all_user_chats(
 @router.get('/list/user/{user_id}', response_model=list[ChatTitleIdResponse])
 async def get_user_chat_list_by_user_id(
     user_id: str,
-    page: Optional[int] = None,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
+    page: int | None = None,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -553,7 +551,7 @@ async def get_user_chat_list_by_user_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/new', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/new', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def create_new_chat(
     form_data: ChatForm,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
@@ -594,7 +592,7 @@ async def import_chats(
 @router.get('/search', response_model=list[ChatTitleIdResponse])
 async def search_user_chats(
     text: str,
-    page: Optional[int] = None,
+    page: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -644,7 +642,7 @@ async def get_chats_by_folder_id(
 @router.get('/folder/{folder_id}/list')
 async def get_chat_list_by_folder_id(
     folder_id: str,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -766,10 +764,10 @@ async def get_all_user_chats_in_db(user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSessio
 
 @router.get('/archived', response_model=list[ChatTitleIdResponse])
 async def get_archived_session_user_chat_list(
-    page: Optional[int] = None,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
+    page: int | None = None,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -823,10 +821,10 @@ async def unarchive_all_chats(user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession
 
 @router.get('/shared', response_model=list[SharedChatResponse])
 async def get_shared_session_user_chat_list(
-    page: Optional[int] = None,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
+    page: int | None = None,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -858,7 +856,7 @@ async def get_shared_session_user_chat_list(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/share/{share_id}', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.get('/share/{share_id}', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def get_shared_chat_by_id(
     share_id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -904,8 +902,8 @@ class TagForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class TagFilterForm(TagForm):
-    skip: Optional[int] = 0
-    limit: Optional[int] = 50
+    skip: int | None = 0
+    limit: int | None = 50
 
 
 @router.post('/tags', response_model=list[ChatTitleIdResponse])
@@ -928,7 +926,7 @@ async def get_user_chat_list_by_tag_name(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/{id}', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.get('/{id}', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def get_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     chat = await Chats.get_chat_by_id_and_user_id(id, user.id, db=db)
 
@@ -958,7 +956,7 @@ async def get_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSess
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def update_chat_by_id(
     id: str,
     form_data: ChatForm,
@@ -992,7 +990,7 @@ class MessageForm(BaseModel):
     content: str
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/messages/{message_id}', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/messages/{message_id}', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def update_chat_message_by_id(
     id: str,
     message_id: str,
@@ -1054,7 +1052,7 @@ class EventForm(BaseModel):
     data: dict
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/messages/{message_id}/event', response_model=Optional[bool])
+@router.post('/{id}/messages/{message_id}/event', response_model=bool | None)
 async def send_chat_message_event_by_id(
     id: str,
     message_id: str,
@@ -1142,7 +1140,7 @@ async def delete_chat_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/{id}/pinned', response_model=Optional[bool])
+@router.get('/{id}/pinned', response_model=bool | None)
 async def get_pinned_status_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -1158,7 +1156,7 @@ async def get_pinned_status_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/pin', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/pin', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def pin_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     chat = await Chats.get_chat_by_id_and_user_id(id, user.id, db=db)
     if chat:
@@ -1174,10 +1172,10 @@ async def pin_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSess
 
 
 class CloneForm(BaseModel):
-    title: Optional[str] = None
+    title: str | None = None
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/clone', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/clone', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def clone_chat_by_id(
     form_data: CloneForm,
     id: str,
@@ -1225,7 +1223,7 @@ async def clone_chat_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/clone/shared', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/clone/shared', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def clone_shared_chat_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -1294,7 +1292,7 @@ async def clone_shared_chat_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/archive', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/archive', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def archive_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     chat = await Chats.get_chat_by_id_and_user_id(id, user.id, db=db)
     if chat:
@@ -1318,7 +1316,7 @@ async def archive_chat_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: Async
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/share', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/share', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def share_chat_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -1372,7 +1370,7 @@ async def share_chat_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.delete('/{id}/share', response_model=Optional[bool])
+@router.delete('/{id}/share', response_model=bool | None)
 async def delete_shared_chat_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -1404,7 +1402,7 @@ class ChatAccessGrantsForm(BaseModel):
     access_grants: list[dict]
 
 
-@router.post('/shared/{id}/access/update', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/shared/{id}/access/update', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def update_shared_chat_access_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -1474,10 +1472,10 @@ async def get_shared_chat_access_by_id(
 
 
 class ChatFolderIdForm(BaseModel):
-    folder_id: Optional[str] = None
+    folder_id: str | None = None
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/folder', response_model=Optional[ChatResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/folder', response_model=ChatResponse | None)
 async def update_chat_folder_id_by_id(
     id: str,
     form_data: ChatFolderIdForm,
@@ -1571,7 +1569,7 @@ async def delete_tag_by_id_and_tag_name(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.delete('/{id}/tags/all', response_model=Optional[bool])
+@router.delete('/{id}/tags/all', response_model=bool | None)
 async def delete_all_tags_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):

backend/open_webui/routers/configs.py

@@ -1,37 +1,34 @@
-import logging
-import copy
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Request, HTTPException
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-import aiohttp
+from __future__ import annotations
 
+import copy
+import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
+import aiohttp
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request
+from mcp.shared.auth import OAuthMetadata
+from open_webui.config import BannerModel, async_save_config, get_config, save_config
 from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT
+from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from open_webui.utils.headers import get_custom_headers
-from open_webui.config import get_config, save_config, async_save_config
-from open_webui.config import BannerModel
-
-from open_webui.utils.tools import (
-    get_tool_server_data,
-    get_tool_server_url,
-    set_tool_servers,
-    set_terminal_servers,
-)
 from open_webui.utils.mcp.client import MCPClient
-from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
-
-
 from open_webui.utils.oauth import (
+    OAuthClientInformationFull,
+    decrypt_data,
+    encrypt_data,
     get_discovery_urls,
     get_oauth_client_info_with_dynamic_client_registration,
     get_oauth_client_info_with_static_credentials,
-    encrypt_data,
-    decrypt_data,
     resolve_oauth_client_info,
-    OAuthClientInformationFull,
 )
-from mcp.shared.auth import OAuthMetadata
+from open_webui.utils.tools import (
+    get_tool_server_data,
+    get_tool_server_url,
+    set_terminal_servers,
+    set_tool_servers,
+)
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -102,16 +99,16 @@ async def set_connections_config(
 class OAuthClientRegistrationForm(BaseModel):
     url: str
     client_id: str
-    client_name: Optional[str] = None
-    client_secret: Optional[str] = None
-    oauth_server_url: Optional[str] = None
+    client_name: str | None = None
+    client_secret: str | None = None
+    oauth_server_url: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/oauth/clients/register')
 async def register_oauth_client(
     request: Request,
     form_data: OAuthClientRegistrationForm,
-    type: Optional[str] = None,
+    type: str | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     try:
@@ -154,12 +151,12 @@ async def register_oauth_client(
 class ToolServerConnection(BaseModel):
     url: str
     path: str
-    type: Optional[str] = 'openapi'  # openapi, mcp
-    auth_type: Optional[str]
-    headers: Optional[dict | str] = None
-    key: Optional[str]
-    config: Optional[dict]
-    info: Optional[dict] = None
+    type: str | None = 'openapi'  # openapi, mcp
+    auth_type: str | None
+    headers: dict | str | None = None
+    key: str | None
+    config: dict | None
+    info: dict | None = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -225,23 +222,23 @@ async def set_tool_servers_config(
 
 
 class TerminalServerConnection(BaseModel):
-    id: Optional[str] = ''
-    name: Optional[str] = ''
+    id: str | None = ''
+    name: str | None = ''
 
-    enabled: Optional[bool] = True
+    enabled: bool | None = True
 
     url: str
-    path: Optional[str] = '/openapi.json'
+    path: str | None = '/openapi.json'
 
-    key: Optional[str] = ''
-    auth_type: Optional[str] = 'bearer'
+    key: str | None = ''
+    auth_type: str | None = 'bearer'
 
-    config: Optional[dict] = None
+    config: dict | None = None
 
     # Orchestrator policy fields
-    server_type: Optional[str] = None  # "orchestrator", "terminal"
-    policy_id: Optional[str] = None
-    policy: Optional[dict] = None  # cached policy data
+    server_type: str | None = None  # "orchestrator", "terminal"
+    policy_id: str | None = None
+    policy: dict | None = None  # cached policy data
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -325,8 +322,8 @@ async def verify_terminal_server_connection(
 
 class TerminalServerPolicyForm(BaseModel):
     url: str
-    key: Optional[str] = ''
-    auth_type: Optional[str] = 'bearer'
+    key: str | None = ''
+    auth_type: str | None = 'bearer'
     policy_id: str
     policy_data: dict
 
@@ -504,19 +501,19 @@ async def verify_tool_servers_config(request: Request, form_data: ToolServerConn
 class CodeInterpreterConfigForm(BaseModel):
     ENABLE_CODE_EXECUTION: bool
     CODE_EXECUTION_ENGINE: str
-    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_URL: Optional[str]
-    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH: Optional[str]
-    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH_TOKEN: Optional[str]
-    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH_PASSWORD: Optional[str]
-    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_TIMEOUT: Optional[int]
+    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_URL: str | None
+    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH: str | None
+    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH_TOKEN: str | None
+    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_AUTH_PASSWORD: str | None
+    CODE_EXECUTION_JUPYTER_TIMEOUT: int | None
     ENABLE_CODE_INTERPRETER: bool
     CODE_INTERPRETER_ENGINE: str
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_PROMPT_TEMPLATE: Optional[str]
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_URL: Optional[str]
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH: Optional[str]
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH_TOKEN: Optional[str]
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH_PASSWORD: Optional[str]
-    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_TIMEOUT: Optional[int]
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_PROMPT_TEMPLATE: str | None
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_URL: str | None
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH: str | None
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH_TOKEN: str | None
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_AUTH_PASSWORD: str | None
+    CODE_INTERPRETER_JUPYTER_TIMEOUT: int | None
 
 
 @router.get('/code_execution', response_model=CodeInterpreterConfigForm)
@@ -588,11 +585,11 @@ async def set_code_execution_config(
 # SetDefaultModels
 ############################
 class ModelsConfigForm(BaseModel):
-    DEFAULT_MODELS: Optional[str]
-    DEFAULT_PINNED_MODELS: Optional[str]
-    MODEL_ORDER_LIST: Optional[list[str]]
-    DEFAULT_MODEL_METADATA: Optional[dict] = None
-    DEFAULT_MODEL_PARAMS: Optional[dict] = None
+    DEFAULT_MODELS: str | None
+    DEFAULT_PINNED_MODELS: str | None
+    MODEL_ORDER_LIST: list[str | None]
+    DEFAULT_MODEL_METADATA: dict | None = None
+    DEFAULT_MODEL_PARAMS: dict | None = None
 
 
 @router.get('/models/defaults')

backend/open_webui/routers/evaluations.py

@@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
-from typing import Optional
 import logging
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status, Request
-from fastapi.concurrency import run_in_threadpool
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserModel
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from fastapi.concurrency import run_in_threadpool
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.feedbacks import (
+    FeedbackForm,
     FeedbackIdResponse,
+    FeedbackListResponse,
     FeedbackModel,
     FeedbackResponse,
-    FeedbackForm,
+    Feedbacks,
     FeedbackUserResponse,
-    FeedbackListResponse,
     LeaderboardFeedbackData,
     ModelHistoryEntry,
     ModelHistoryResponse,
-    Feedbacks,
 )
-
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.models.users import UserModel, Users
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/routers/files.py

@@ -1,34 +1,31 @@
+import asyncio
+import json
 import logging
 import os
 import uuid
-import json
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 from urllib.parse import quote
-import asyncio
 
 from fastapi import (
-    BackgroundTasks,
     APIRouter,
+    BackgroundTasks,
     Depends,
     File,
     Form,
     HTTPException,
+    Query,
     Request,
     UploadFile,
     status,
-    Query,
 )
-
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, StreamingResponse
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session, get_async_db_context
-
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL, STORAGE_LOCAL_CACHE, STORAGE_PROVIDER, UPLOAD_DIR
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
-
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_db_context, get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.channels import Channels
-from open_webui.models.users import Users
+from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
 from open_webui.models.files import (
     FileForm,
     FileListResponse,
@@ -36,22 +33,17 @@ from open_webui.models.files import (
     FileModelResponse,
     Files,
 )
-from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
-from open_webui.models.knowledge import Knowledges
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-
-
-from open_webui.routers.retrieval import ProcessFileForm, process_file
+from open_webui.models.knowledge import Knowledges
+from open_webui.models.users import Users
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
 from open_webui.routers.audio import transcribe
-
+from open_webui.routers.retrieval import ProcessFileForm, process_file
 from open_webui.storage.provider import Storage
-
-
-from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL, STORAGE_LOCAL_CACHE, STORAGE_PROVIDER, UPLOAD_DIR
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from open_webui.utils.misc import strict_match_mime_type
 from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/folders.py

@@ -1,36 +1,29 @@
 import logging
+import mimetypes
 import os
 import shutil
 import uuid
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-import mimetypes
-
-
-from open_webui.models.folders import (
-    FolderForm,
-    FolderUpdateForm,
-    FolderModel,
-    FolderNameIdResponse,
-    Folders,
-)
-from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
-
 
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, Request, UploadFile, status
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, StreamingResponse
 from open_webui.config import UPLOAD_DIR
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
-
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, UploadFile, status, Request
-from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, StreamingResponse
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
+from open_webui.models.folders import (
+    FolderForm,
+    FolderModel,
+    FolderNameIdResponse,
+    Folders,
+    FolderUpdateForm,
+)
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.access_control.files import get_accessible_folder_files
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/functions.py

@@ -1,32 +1,33 @@
-import os
-import re
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-import aiohttp
+import os
+import re
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
+import aiohttp
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from open_webui.config import CACHE_DIR
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.functions import (
     FunctionForm,
     FunctionModel,
     FunctionResponse,
+    Functions,
     FunctionUserResponse,
     FunctionWithValvesModel,
-    Functions,
 )
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from open_webui.utils.plugin import (
+    get_function_module_from_cache,
     load_function_module_by_id,
     replace_imports,
-    get_function_module_from_cache,
     resolve_valves_schema_options,
 )
-from open_webui.config import CACHE_DIR
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ def github_url_to_raw_url(url: str) -> str:
     return url
 
 
-@router.post('/load/url', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/load/url', response_model=dict | None)
 async def load_function_from_url(request: Request, form_data: LoadUrlForm, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
     # NOTE: This is NOT a SSRF vulnerability:
     # This endpoint is admin-only (see get_admin_user), meant for *trusted* internal use,
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ async def sync_functions(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/create', response_model=Optional[FunctionResponse])
+@router.post('/create', response_model=FunctionResponse | None)
 async def create_new_function(
     request: Request,
     form_data: FunctionForm,
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ async def create_new_function(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}', response_model=Optional[FunctionModel])
+@router.get('/id/{id}', response_model=FunctionModel | None)
 async def get_function_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     function = await Functions.get_function_by_id(id, db=db)
 
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ async def get_function_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSes
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/toggle', response_model=Optional[FunctionModel])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/toggle', response_model=FunctionModel | None)
 async def toggle_function_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     function = await Functions.get_function_by_id(id, db=db)
     if function:
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ async def toggle_function_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: Async
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/toggle/global', response_model=Optional[FunctionModel])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/toggle/global', response_model=FunctionModel | None)
 async def toggle_global_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     function = await Functions.get_function_by_id(id, db=db)
     if function:
@@ -308,7 +309,7 @@ async def toggle_global_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSe
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/update', response_model=Optional[FunctionModel])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/update', response_model=FunctionModel | None)
 async def update_function_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -374,7 +375,7 @@ async def delete_function_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_function_valves_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_admin_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -400,7 +401,7 @@ async def get_function_valves_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/spec', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/spec', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_function_valves_spec_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -430,7 +431,7 @@ async def get_function_valves_spec_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/update', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/update', response_model=dict | None)
 async def update_function_valves_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -476,7 +477,7 @@ async def update_function_valves_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_function_user_valves_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -497,7 +498,7 @@ async def get_function_user_valves_by_id(
         )
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user/spec', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user/spec', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_function_user_valves_spec_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -522,7 +523,7 @@ async def get_function_user_valves_spec_by_id(
         )
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/user/update', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/user/update', response_model=dict | None)
 async def update_function_user_valves_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,

backend/open_webui/routers/groups.py

@@ -1,26 +1,23 @@
+import logging
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
-import logging
-
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserInfoResponse
-from open_webui.models.groups import (
-    Groups,
-    GroupForm,
-    GroupInfoResponse,
-    GroupUpdateForm,
-    GroupResponse,
-    UserIdsForm,
-)
 
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
 from open_webui.config import CACHE_DIR
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import (
+    GroupForm,
+    GroupInfoResponse,
+    GroupResponse,
+    Groups,
+    GroupUpdateForm,
+    UserIdsForm,
+)
+from open_webui.models.users import UserInfoResponse, Users
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/images.py

@@ -1,46 +1,45 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import base64
-import uuid
 import io
 import json
 import logging
 import mimetypes
 import re
+import uuid
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
-
 from urllib.parse import quote
-import aiohttp
 
+import aiohttp
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, UploadFile
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
-
 from open_webui.config import (
     CACHE_DIR,
     IMAGE_AUTO_SIZE_MODELS_REGEX_PATTERN,
     IMAGE_URL_RESPONSE_MODELS_REGEX_PATTERN,
 )
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.utils import validate_url
-from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_ALLOW_REDIRECTS, ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS
-from open_webui.utils.session_pool import get_session
-
-from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
-from open_webui.routers.files import upload_file_handler, get_file_content_by_id
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
-from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_ALLOW_REDIRECTS, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.utils import validate_url
+from open_webui.routers.files import get_file_content_by_id, upload_file_handler
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
 from open_webui.utils.images.comfyui import (
     ComfyUICreateImageForm,
     ComfyUIEditImageForm,
     ComfyUIWorkflow,
-    comfyui_upload_image,
     comfyui_create_image,
     comfyui_edit_image,
+    comfyui_upload_image,
 )
+from open_webui.utils.session_pool import get_session
 from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -121,17 +120,17 @@ class ImagesConfig(BaseModel):
 
     IMAGE_GENERATION_ENGINE: str
     IMAGE_GENERATION_MODEL: str
-    IMAGE_SIZE: Optional[str]
-    IMAGE_STEPS: Optional[int]
+    IMAGE_SIZE: str | None
+    IMAGE_STEPS: int | None
 
     IMAGES_OPENAI_API_BASE_URL: str
     IMAGES_OPENAI_API_KEY: str
     IMAGES_OPENAI_API_VERSION: str
-    IMAGES_OPENAI_API_PARAMS: Optional[dict | str]
+    IMAGES_OPENAI_API_PARAMS: dict | str | None
 
     AUTOMATIC1111_BASE_URL: str
-    AUTOMATIC1111_API_AUTH: Optional[dict | str]
-    AUTOMATIC1111_PARAMS: Optional[dict | str]
+    AUTOMATIC1111_API_AUTH: dict | str | None
+    AUTOMATIC1111_PARAMS: dict | str | None
 
     COMFYUI_BASE_URL: str
     COMFYUI_API_KEY: str
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ class ImagesConfig(BaseModel):
     ENABLE_IMAGE_EDIT: bool
     IMAGE_EDIT_ENGINE: str
     IMAGE_EDIT_MODEL: str
-    IMAGE_EDIT_SIZE: Optional[str]
+    IMAGE_EDIT_SIZE: str | None
 
     IMAGES_EDIT_OPENAI_API_BASE_URL: str
     IMAGES_EDIT_OPENAI_API_KEY: str
@@ -428,12 +427,12 @@ async def get_models(request: Request, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
 
 
 class CreateImageForm(BaseModel):
-    model: Optional[str] = None
+    model: str | None = None
     prompt: str
-    size: Optional[str] = None
+    size: str | None = None
     n: int = 1
-    steps: Optional[int] = None
-    negative_prompt: Optional[str] = None
+    steps: int | None = None
+    negative_prompt: str | None = None
 
 
 GenerateImageForm = CreateImageForm  # Alias for backward compatibility
@@ -528,7 +527,7 @@ async def generate_images(request: Request, form_data: CreateImageForm, user=Dep
 async def image_generations(
     request: Request,
     form_data: CreateImageForm,
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+    metadata: dict | None = None,
     user=None,
 ):
     # if IMAGE_SIZE = 'auto', default WidthxHeight to the 512x512 default
@@ -776,18 +775,18 @@ async def image_generations(
 class EditImageForm(BaseModel):
     image: str | list[str]  # base64-encoded image(s) or URL(s)
     prompt: str
-    model: Optional[str] = None
-    size: Optional[str] = None
-    n: Optional[int] = None
-    negative_prompt: Optional[str] = None
-    background: Optional[str] = None
+    model: str | None = None
+    size: str | None = None
+    n: int | None = None
+    negative_prompt: str | None = None
+    background: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/edit')
 async def image_edits(
     request: Request,
     form_data: EditImageForm,
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+    metadata: dict | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     size = None

backend/open_webui/routers/knowledge.py

@@ -1,42 +1,40 @@
-from typing import List, Optional
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status, Request, Query
-from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+from __future__ import annotations
 
-import logging
 import io
+import logging
 import zipfile
+from typing import List, Optional
 from urllib.parse import quote
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request, status
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.files import FileMetadataResponse, FileModel, Files
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.knowledge import (
     KnowledgeFileListResponse,
-    Knowledges,
     KnowledgeForm,
     KnowledgeResponse,
+    Knowledges,
     KnowledgeUserResponse,
 )
-from open_webui.models.files import Files, FileModel, FileMetadataResponse
+from open_webui.models.models import ModelForm, Models
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
 from open_webui.routers.retrieval import (
-    process_file,
-    ProcessFileForm,
-    process_files_batch,
     BatchProcessFilesForm,
+    ProcessFileForm,
+    process_file,
+    process_files_batch,
 )
 from open_webui.storage.provider import Storage
-
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user, get_admin_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.access_control.files import has_access_to_file
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-
-
-from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
-from open_webui.models.models import Models, ModelForm
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ async def remove_knowledge_base_metadata_embedding(knowledge_base_id: str) -> bo
 
 
 class KnowledgeAccessResponse(KnowledgeUserResponse):
-    write_access: Optional[bool] = False
+    write_access: bool | None = False
 
 
 class KnowledgeAccessListResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -110,7 +108,7 @@ class KnowledgeAccessListResponse(BaseModel):
 
 @router.get('/', response_model=KnowledgeAccessListResponse)
 async def get_knowledge_bases(
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -159,9 +157,9 @@ async def get_knowledge_bases(
 
 @router.get('/search', response_model=KnowledgeAccessListResponse)
 async def search_knowledge_bases(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    view_option: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    view_option: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -215,8 +213,8 @@ async def search_knowledge_bases(
 
 @router.get('/search/files', response_model=KnowledgeFileListResponse)
 async def search_knowledge_files(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -242,7 +240,7 @@ async def search_knowledge_files(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/create', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeResponse])
+@router.post('/create', response_model=KnowledgeResponse | None)
 async def create_new_knowledge(
     request: Request,
     form_data: KnowledgeForm,
@@ -380,11 +378,11 @@ async def reindex_knowledge_base_metadata_embeddings(
 
 
 class KnowledgeFilesResponse(KnowledgeResponse):
-    files: Optional[list[FileMetadataResponse]] = None
-    write_access: Optional[bool] = False
+    files: list[FileMetadataResponse | None] = None
+    write_access: bool | None = False
 
 
-@router.get('/{id}', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.get('/{id}', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def get_knowledge_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     knowledge = await Knowledges.get_knowledge_by_id(id=id, db=db)
 
@@ -431,7 +429,7 @@ async def get_knowledge_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: Asyn
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/update', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/update', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def update_knowledge_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -501,7 +499,7 @@ class KnowledgeAccessGrantsForm(BaseModel):
     access_grants: list[dict]
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/access/update', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/access/update', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def update_knowledge_access_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -556,11 +554,11 @@ async def update_knowledge_access_by_id(
 @router.get('/{id}/files', response_model=KnowledgeFileListResponse)
 async def get_knowledge_files_by_id(
     id: str,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    view_option: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    view_option: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -614,7 +612,7 @@ class KnowledgeFileIdForm(BaseModel):
     file_id: str
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/file/add', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/file/add', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def add_file_to_knowledge_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -695,7 +693,7 @@ async def add_file_to_knowledge_by_id(
         )
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/file/update', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/file/update', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def update_file_from_knowledge_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -774,7 +772,7 @@ async def update_file_from_knowledge_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/file/remove', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/file/remove', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def remove_file_from_knowledge_by_id(
     id: str,
     form_data: KnowledgeFileIdForm,
@@ -936,7 +934,7 @@ async def delete_knowledge_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/reset', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/reset', response_model=KnowledgeResponse | None)
 async def reset_knowledge_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -978,7 +976,7 @@ async def reset_knowledge_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{id}/files/batch/add', response_model=Optional[KnowledgeFilesResponse])
+@router.post('/{id}/files/batch/add', response_model=KnowledgeFilesResponse | None)
 async def add_files_to_knowledge_batch(
     request: Request,
     id: str,

backend/open_webui/routers/memories.py

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-import logging
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
+import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.memories import Memories, MemoryModel
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -56,10 +57,10 @@ class AddMemoryForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class MemoryUpdateModel(BaseModel):
-    content: Optional[str] = None
+    content: str | None = None
 
 
-@router.post('/add', response_model=Optional[MemoryModel])
+@router.post('/add', response_model=MemoryModel | None)
 async def add_memory(
     request: Request,
     form_data: AddMemoryForm,
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ async def add_memory(
 
 class QueryMemoryForm(BaseModel):
     content: str
-    k: Optional[int] = 1
+    k: int | None = 1
 
 
 @router.post('/query')
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ async def delete_memory_by_user_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{memory_id}/update', response_model=Optional[MemoryModel])
+@router.post('/{memory_id}/update', response_model=MemoryModel | None)
 async def update_memory_by_id(
     memory_id: str,
     request: Request,

backend/open_webui/routers/models.py

@@ -1,28 +1,14 @@
-from typing import Optional
-import io
-import base64
-import json
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
+import base64
+import io
+import json
 import logging
 import posixpath
+from typing import Optional
 from urllib.parse import unquote
 
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.models import (
-    ModelForm,
-    ModelMeta,
-    ModelModel,
-    ModelParams,
-    ModelResponse,
-    ModelListResponse,
-    ModelAccessListResponse,
-    ModelAccessResponse,
-    Models,
-)
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from fastapi import (
     APIRouter,
     Depends,
@@ -32,13 +18,26 @@ from fastapi import (
     status,
 )
 from fastapi.responses import RedirectResponse, StreamingResponse
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
 from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import ENABLE_PROFILE_IMAGE_URL_FORWARDING
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.models import (
+    ModelAccessListResponse,
+    ModelAccessResponse,
+    ModelForm,
+    ModelListResponse,
+    ModelMeta,
+    ModelModel,
+    ModelParams,
+    ModelResponse,
+    Models,
+)
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 router = APIRouter()
 
 
-def _safe_static_redirect_path(url: str) -> Optional[str]:
+def _safe_static_redirect_path(url: str) -> str | None:
     """
     If url is a same-origin static asset path, return a normalized path safe for
     RedirectResponse Location. Otherwise None (caller should fall back to default).
@@ -90,12 +89,12 @@ PAGE_ITEM_COUNT = 30
 
 @router.get('/list', response_model=ModelAccessListResponse)  # do NOT use "/" as path, conflicts with main.py
 async def get_models(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    view_option: Optional[str] = None,
-    tag: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    view_option: str | None = None,
+    tag: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@ async def get_model_tags(user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Dep
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/create', response_model=Optional[ModelModel])
+@router.post('/create', response_model=ModelModel | None)
 async def create_new_model(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ModelForm,
@@ -409,7 +408,7 @@ class ModelIdForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 # Note: We're not using the typical url path param here, but instead using a query parameter to allow '/' in the id
-@router.get('/model', response_model=Optional[ModelAccessResponse])
+@router.get('/model', response_model=ModelAccessResponse | None)
 async def get_model_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     model = await Models.get_model_by_id(id, db=db)
     if model:
@@ -537,7 +536,7 @@ async def get_model_profile_image(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/model/toggle', response_model=Optional[ModelResponse])
+@router.post('/model/toggle', response_model=ModelResponse | None)
 async def toggle_model_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     model = await Models.get_model_by_id(id, db=db)
     if model:
@@ -578,7 +577,7 @@ async def toggle_model_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: Async
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/model/update', response_model=Optional[ModelModel])
+@router.post('/model/update', response_model=ModelModel | None)
 async def update_model_by_id(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ModelForm,
@@ -627,11 +626,11 @@ async def update_model_by_id(
 
 class ModelAccessGrantsForm(BaseModel):
     id: str
-    name: Optional[str] = None
+    name: str | None = None
     access_grants: list[dict]
 
 
-@router.post('/model/access/update', response_model=Optional[ModelModel])
+@router.post('/model/access/update', response_model=ModelModel | None)
 async def update_model_access_by_id(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ModelAccessGrantsForm,

backend/open_webui/routers/notes.py

@@ -2,39 +2,33 @@ import json
 import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
-
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status, BackgroundTasks
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-from open_webui.socket.main import sio
-
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserResponse
-from open_webui.models.notes import (
-    NoteListResponse,
-    Notes,
-    NoteModel,
-    NoteForm,
-    NoteUserResponse,
-)
-
+from fastapi import APIRouter, BackgroundTasks, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
 from open_webui.config import (
     BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL,
     ENABLE_ADMIN_CHAT_ACCESS,
     ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT,
 )
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.notes import (
+    NoteForm,
+    NoteListResponse,
+    NoteModel,
+    Notes,
+    NoteUserResponse,
+)
+from open_webui.models.users import UserResponse, Users
+from open_webui.socket.main import sio
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import (
+    filter_allowed_access_grants,
     has_permission,
     has_public_read_access_grant,
     has_public_write_access_grant,
-    filter_allowed_access_grants,
 )
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/routers/ollama.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 # TODO: Implement a more intelligent load balancing mechanism for distributing requests among multiple backend instances.
 # Current implementation uses a simple round-robin approach (random.choice). Consider incorporating algorithms like weighted round-robin,
 # least connections, or least response time for better resource utilization and performance optimization.
-
 import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
@@ -10,70 +11,60 @@ import random
 import re
 import time
 from datetime import datetime
-
 from typing import Optional, Union
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
 import aiohttp
 from aiocache import cached
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
-from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
-from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
-
-from open_webui.env import (
-    ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS,
-    FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID,
-)
-
 from fastapi import (
+    APIRouter,
     Depends,
     FastAPI,
     File,
     HTTPException,
     Request,
     UploadFile,
-    APIRouter,
 )
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, validator
-
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
+from open_webui.config import (
+    UPLOAD_DIR,
+)
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import (
+    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
+    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT,
+    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_MODEL_LIST,
+    BYPASS_MODEL_ACCESS_CONTROL,
+    ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS,
+    ENV,
+    FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID,
+    MODELS_CACHE_TTL,
+)
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-
-
-from open_webui.models.models import Models
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.models import Models
+from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import check_model_access
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers
 from open_webui.utils.misc import (
     calculate_sha256,
 )
-from open_webui.utils.session_pool import (
-    cleanup_response,
-    get_session,
-    stream_wrapper,
-)
 from open_webui.utils.payload import (
     apply_model_params_to_body_ollama,
     apply_model_params_to_body_openai,
     apply_system_prompt_to_body,
 )
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.config import (
-    UPLOAD_DIR,
+from open_webui.utils.session_pool import (
+    cleanup_response,
+    get_session,
+    stream_wrapper,
 )
-from open_webui.env import (
-    ENV,
-    MODELS_CACHE_TTL,
-    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
-    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT,
-    AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_MODEL_LIST,
-    BYPASS_MODEL_ACCESS_CONTROL,
-)
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, validator
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -126,12 +117,12 @@ async def send_request(
     url: str,
     method: str = 'POST',
     *,
-    payload: Optional[Union[str, bytes]] = None,
-    key: Optional[str] = None,
+    payload: Union[str, bytes | None] = None,
+    key: str | None = None,
     user: UserModel = None,
     stream: bool = False,
-    content_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+    content_type: str | None = None,
+    metadata: dict | None = None,
 ):
     r = None
     streaming = False
@@ -225,7 +216,7 @@ async def get_status():
 
 class ConnectionVerificationForm(BaseModel):
     url: str
-    key: Optional[str] = None
+    key: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/verify')
@@ -279,7 +270,7 @@ async def get_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
 
 
 class OllamaConfigForm(BaseModel):
-    ENABLE_OLLAMA_API: Optional[bool] = None
+    ENABLE_OLLAMA_API: bool | None = None
     OLLAMA_BASE_URLS: list[str]
     OLLAMA_API_CONFIGS: dict
 
@@ -437,7 +428,7 @@ async def get_filtered_models(models, user, db=None):
 
 @router.get('/api/tags')
 @router.get('/api/tags/{url_idx}')
-async def get_ollama_tags(request: Request, url_idx: Optional[int] = None, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
+async def get_ollama_tags(request: Request, url_idx: int | None = None, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=ERROR_MESSAGES.OLLAMA_API_DISABLED)
 
@@ -514,7 +505,7 @@ async def get_ollama_loaded_models(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user
 
 @router.get('/api/version')
 @router.get('/api/version/{url_idx}')
-async def get_ollama_versions(request: Request, url_idx: Optional[int] = None):
+async def get_ollama_versions(request: Request, url_idx: int | None = None):
     if request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
         if url_idx is None:
             # returns lowest version
@@ -560,7 +551,7 @@ async def get_ollama_versions(request: Request, url_idx: Optional[int] = None):
 
 
 class ModelNameForm(BaseModel):
-    model: Optional[str] = None
+    model: str | None = None
     model_config = ConfigDict(
         extra='allow',
     )
@@ -654,8 +645,8 @@ async def pull_model(
 
 class PushModelForm(BaseModel):
     model: str
-    insecure: Optional[bool] = None
-    stream: Optional[bool] = None
+    insecure: bool | None = None
+    stream: bool | None = None
 
 
 @router.delete('/api/push')
@@ -663,7 +654,7 @@ class PushModelForm(BaseModel):
 async def push_model(
     request: Request,
     form_data: PushModelForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -694,9 +685,9 @@ async def push_model(
 
 
 class CreateModelForm(BaseModel):
-    model: Optional[str] = None
-    stream: Optional[bool] = None
-    path: Optional[str] = None
+    model: str | None = None
+    stream: bool | None = None
+    path: str | None = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -734,7 +725,7 @@ class CopyModelForm(BaseModel):
 async def copy_model(
     request: Request,
     form_data: CopyModelForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -769,7 +760,7 @@ async def copy_model(
 async def delete_model(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ModelNameForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -843,9 +834,9 @@ async def show_model_info(request: Request, form_data: ModelNameForm, user=Depen
 class GenerateEmbedForm(BaseModel):
     model: str
     input: list[str] | str
-    truncate: Optional[bool] = None
-    options: Optional[dict] = None
-    keep_alive: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
+    truncate: bool | None = None
+    options: dict | None = None
+    keep_alive: Union[int, str | None] = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(
         extra='allow',
@@ -857,7 +848,7 @@ class GenerateEmbedForm(BaseModel):
 async def embed(
     request: Request,
     form_data: GenerateEmbedForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -907,8 +898,8 @@ async def embed(
 class GenerateEmbeddingsForm(BaseModel):
     model: str
     prompt: str
-    options: Optional[dict] = None
-    keep_alive: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
+    options: dict | None = None
+    keep_alive: Union[int, str | None] = None
 
 
 @router.post('/api/embeddings')
@@ -916,7 +907,7 @@ class GenerateEmbeddingsForm(BaseModel):
 async def embeddings(
     request: Request,
     form_data: GenerateEmbeddingsForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -965,17 +956,17 @@ async def embeddings(
 
 class GenerateCompletionForm(BaseModel):
     model: str
-    prompt: Optional[str] = None
-    suffix: Optional[str] = None
-    images: Optional[list[str]] = None
-    format: Optional[Union[dict, str]] = None
-    options: Optional[dict] = None
-    system: Optional[str] = None
-    template: Optional[str] = None
-    context: Optional[list[int]] = None
-    stream: Optional[bool] = True
-    raw: Optional[bool] = None
-    keep_alive: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
+    prompt: str | None = None
+    suffix: str | None = None
+    images: list[str | None] = None
+    format: Union[dict, str | None] = None
+    options: dict | None = None
+    system: str | None = None
+    template: str | None = None
+    context: list[int | None] = None
+    stream: bool | None = True
+    raw: bool | None = None
+    keep_alive: Union[int, str | None] = None
 
 
 @router.post('/api/generate')
@@ -983,7 +974,7 @@ class GenerateCompletionForm(BaseModel):
 async def generate_completion(
     request: Request,
     form_data: GenerateCompletionForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OLLAMA_API:
@@ -1027,9 +1018,9 @@ async def generate_completion(
 
 class ChatMessage(BaseModel):
     role: str
-    content: Optional[str] = None
-    tool_calls: Optional[list[dict]] = None
-    images: Optional[list[str]] = None
+    content: str | None = None
+    tool_calls: list[dict | None] = None
+    images: list[str | None] = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -1046,18 +1037,18 @@ class ChatMessage(BaseModel):
 class GenerateChatCompletionForm(BaseModel):
     model: str
     messages: list[ChatMessage]
-    format: Optional[Union[dict, str]] = None
-    options: Optional[dict] = None
-    template: Optional[str] = None
-    stream: Optional[bool] = True
-    keep_alive: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
-    tools: Optional[list[dict]] = None
+    format: Union[dict, str | None] = None
+    options: dict | None = None
+    template: str | None = None
+    stream: bool | None = True
+    keep_alive: Union[int, str | None] = None
+    tools: list[dict | None] = None
     model_config = ConfigDict(
         extra='allow',
     )
 
 
-async def get_ollama_url(request: Request, model: str, url_idx: Optional[int] = None):
+async def get_ollama_url(request: Request, model: str, url_idx: int | None = None):
     if url_idx is None:
         models = request.app.state.OLLAMA_MODELS
         if model not in models:
@@ -1075,7 +1066,7 @@ async def get_ollama_url(request: Request, model: str, url_idx: Optional[int] =
 async def generate_chat_completion(
     request: Request,
     form_data: dict,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     bypass_system_prompt: bool = False,
 ):
@@ -1162,7 +1153,7 @@ class OpenAIChatMessageContent(BaseModel):
 
 class OpenAIChatMessage(BaseModel):
     role: str
-    content: Union[Optional[str], list[OpenAIChatMessageContent]]
+    content: Union[str | None, list[OpenAIChatMessageContent]]
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -1186,7 +1177,7 @@ class OpenAICompletionForm(BaseModel):
 async def generate_openai_completion(
     request: Request,
     form_data: dict,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     # NOTE: We intentionally do NOT use Depends(get_async_session) here.
@@ -1248,7 +1239,7 @@ async def generate_openai_completion(
 async def generate_openai_chat_completion(
     request: Request,
     form_data: dict,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     # NOTE: We intentionally do NOT use Depends(get_async_session) here.
@@ -1313,7 +1304,7 @@ async def generate_openai_chat_completion(
 async def generate_anthropic_messages(
     request: Request,
     form_data: dict,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     """
@@ -1371,7 +1362,7 @@ class ResponsesForm(BaseModel):
 async def generate_responses(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ResponsesForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
 ):
     """
@@ -1422,7 +1413,7 @@ async def generate_responses(
 @router.get('/v1/models/{url_idx}')
 async def get_openai_models(
     request: Request,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -1565,7 +1556,7 @@ async def download_file_stream(ollama_url, file_url, file_path, file_name, chunk
 async def download_model(
     request: Request,
     form_data: UrlForm,
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     allowed_hosts = ['https://huggingface.co/', 'https://github.com/']
@@ -1598,7 +1589,7 @@ async def download_model(
 async def upload_model(
     request: Request,
     file: UploadFile = File(...),
-    url_idx: Optional[int] = None,
+    url_idx: int | None = None,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
 ):
     if url_idx is None:

backend/open_webui/routers/openai.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import hashlib
 import json
@@ -8,62 +10,52 @@ from urllib.parse import quote, urlparse
 
 import aiohttp
 from aiocache import cached
-
-
 from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential, get_bearer_token_provider
-
-from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, Request, APIRouter, status
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
 from fastapi.responses import (
     FileResponse,
-    StreamingResponse,
     JSONResponse,
     PlainTextResponse,
+    StreamingResponse,
 )
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-
-from open_webui.models.models import Models
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_connection_access, check_model_access
 from open_webui.config import (
     CACHE_DIR,
 )
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import (
-    MODELS_CACHE_TTL,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT,
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_MODEL_LIST,
-    ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS,
-    FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID,
     BYPASS_MODEL_ACCESS_CONTROL,
+    ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS,
     ENABLE_OPENAI_API_PASSTHROUGH,
+    FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID,
+    MODELS_CACHE_TTL,
 )
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.models import Models
 from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
-
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.payload import (
-    apply_model_params_to_body_openai,
-    apply_system_prompt_to_body,
-)
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import check_model_access, has_connection_access
+from open_webui.utils.anthropic import get_anthropic_models, is_anthropic_url
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.headers import get_custom_headers, include_user_info_headers
 from open_webui.utils.misc import (
     convert_logit_bias_input_to_json,
     stream_chunks_handler,
 )
+from open_webui.utils.payload import (
+    apply_model_params_to_body_openai,
+    apply_system_prompt_to_body,
+)
 from open_webui.utils.session_pool import (
     cleanup_response,
     get_session,
     stream_wrapper,
 )
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers, get_custom_headers
-from open_webui.utils.anthropic import is_anthropic_url, get_anthropic_models
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -160,7 +152,7 @@ async def get_headers_and_cookies(
     url,
     key=None,
     config=None,
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+    metadata: dict | None = None,
     user: UserModel = None,
 ):
     cookies = {}
@@ -256,7 +248,7 @@ async def get_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
 
 
 class OpenAIConfigForm(BaseModel):
-    ENABLE_OPENAI_API: Optional[bool] = None
+    ENABLE_OPENAI_API: bool | None = None
     OPENAI_API_BASE_URLS: list[str]
     OPENAI_API_KEYS: list[str]
     OPENAI_API_CONFIGS: dict
@@ -493,7 +485,6 @@ async def get_filtered_models(models, user, db=None):
     return filtered_models
 
 
-
 @cached(
     ttl=MODELS_CACHE_TTL,
     key=lambda _, user: f'openai_all_models_{user.id}' if user else 'openai_all_models',
@@ -571,14 +562,13 @@ async def get_all_models(request: Request, user: UserModel) -> dict[str, list]:
     models = get_merged_models(map(extract_data, responses))
     log.debug(f'models: {models}')
 
-
     request.app.state.OPENAI_MODELS = models
     return {'data': list(models.values())}
 
 
 @router.get('/models')
 @router.get('/models/{url_idx}')
-async def get_models(request: Request, url_idx: Optional[int] = None, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
+async def get_models(request: Request, url_idx: int | None = None, user=Depends(get_verified_user)):
     if not request.app.state.config.ENABLE_OPENAI_API:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail='OpenAI API is disabled')
 
@@ -670,7 +660,7 @@ class ConnectionVerificationForm(BaseModel):
     url: str
     key: str
 
-    config: Optional[dict] = None
+    config: dict | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/verify')
@@ -1361,20 +1351,20 @@ class ResponsesForm(BaseModel):
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
     model: str
-    input: Optional[list | str] = None
-    instructions: Optional[str] = None
-    stream: Optional[bool] = None
-    temperature: Optional[float] = None
-    max_output_tokens: Optional[int] = None
-    top_p: Optional[float] = None
-    tools: Optional[list] = None
-    tool_choice: Optional[str | dict] = None
-    text: Optional[dict] = None
-    truncation: Optional[str] = None
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None
-    store: Optional[bool] = None
-    reasoning: Optional[dict] = None
-    previous_response_id: Optional[str] = None
+    input: list | str | None = None
+    instructions: str | None = None
+    stream: bool | None = None
+    temperature: float | None = None
+    max_output_tokens: int | None = None
+    top_p: float | None = None
+    tools: list | None = None
+    tool_choice: str | dict | None = None
+    text: dict | None = None
+    truncation: str | None = None
+    metadata: dict | None = None
+    store: bool | None = None
+    reasoning: dict | None = None
+    previous_response_id: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/responses')

backend/open_webui/routers/pipelines.py

@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+from typing import Optional
+
+import aiohttp
 from fastapi import (
+    APIRouter,
     Depends,
     FastAPI,
     File,
@@ -7,24 +14,14 @@ from fastapi import (
     Request,
     UploadFile,
     status,
-    APIRouter,
 )
-import aiohttp
-import os
-import logging
-import shutil
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from starlette.responses import FileResponse
-from typing import Optional
-
-from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
 from open_webui.config import CACHE_DIR
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-
-
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
 from open_webui.routers.openai import get_all_models_responses
-
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from starlette.responses import FileResponse
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/prompts.py

@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
-from typing import Optional
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status, Request
+from __future__ import annotations
 
-from open_webui.models.prompts import (
-    PromptForm,
-    PromptUserResponse,
-    PromptAccessResponse,
-    PromptAccessListResponse,
-    PromptModel,
-    Prompts,
-)
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.prompt_history import (
@@ -16,13 +13,18 @@ from open_webui.models.prompt_history import (
     PromptHistoryModel,
     PromptHistoryResponse,
 )
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.models.prompts import (
+    PromptAccessListResponse,
+    PromptAccessResponse,
+    PromptForm,
+    PromptModel,
+    Prompts,
+    PromptUserResponse,
+)
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
-from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 
 class PromptVersionUpdateForm(BaseModel):
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ class PromptVersionUpdateForm(BaseModel):
 class PromptMetadataForm(BaseModel):
     name: str
     command: str
-    tags: Optional[list[str]] = None
+    tags: list[str | None] = None
 
 
 router = APIRouter()
@@ -66,12 +68,12 @@ async def get_prompt_tags(user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = De
 
 @router.get('/list', response_model=PromptAccessListResponse)
 async def get_prompt_list(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    view_option: Optional[str] = None,
-    tag: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    view_option: str | None = None,
+    tag: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ async def get_prompt_list(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/create', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/create', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def create_new_prompt(
     request: Request,
     form_data: PromptForm,
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ async def create_new_prompt(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/command/{command}', response_model=Optional[PromptAccessResponse])
+@router.get('/command/{command}', response_model=PromptAccessResponse | None)
 async def get_prompt_by_command(
     command: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -235,7 +237,7 @@ async def get_prompt_by_command(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{prompt_id}', response_model=Optional[PromptAccessResponse])
+@router.get('/id/{prompt_id}', response_model=PromptAccessResponse | None)
 async def get_prompt_by_id(
     prompt_id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@ async def get_prompt_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def update_prompt_by_id(
     request: Request,
     prompt_id: str,
@@ -345,7 +347,7 @@ async def update_prompt_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update/meta', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update/meta', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def update_prompt_metadata(
     prompt_id: str,
     form_data: PromptMetadataForm,
@@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ async def update_prompt_metadata(
         )
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update/version', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/update/version', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def set_prompt_version(
     prompt_id: str,
     form_data: PromptVersionUpdateForm,
@@ -447,7 +449,7 @@ class PromptAccessGrantsForm(BaseModel):
     access_grants: list[dict]
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/access/update', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/access/update', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def update_prompt_access_by_id(
     request: Request,
     prompt_id: str,
@@ -496,7 +498,7 @@ async def update_prompt_access_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/toggle', response_model=Optional[PromptModel])
+@router.post('/id/{prompt_id}/toggle', response_model=PromptModel | None)
 async def toggle_prompt_active(
     prompt_id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):

backend/open_webui/routers/retrieval.py

@@ -1,130 +1,122 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
 import mimetypes
 import os
-import shutil
-import asyncio
-
 import re
+import shutil
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Iterator, List, Optional, Sequence, Union
+from typing import Iterator, Optional, Sequence, Union
 
+import tiktoken
 from fastapi import (
+    APIRouter,
     Depends,
     FastAPI,
-    Query,
     File,
     Form,
     HTTPException,
-    UploadFile,
+    Query,
     Request,
+    UploadFile,
     status,
-    APIRouter,
 )
-from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 from fastapi.concurrency import run_in_threadpool
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-import tiktoken
-
-
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from langchain_core.documents import Document
 from langchain_text_splitters import (
+    MarkdownHeaderTextSplitter,
     RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter,
     TokenTextSplitter,
-    MarkdownHeaderTextSplitter,
 )
-from langchain_core.documents import Document
-
-from open_webui.models.files import FileModel, FileUpdateForm, Files
-from open_webui.utils.access_control.files import has_access_to_file
-from open_webui.models.knowledge import Knowledges
-from open_webui.storage.provider import Storage
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_db, get_async_session
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.factory import VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
-
-# Document loaders
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.youtube import YoutubeLoader
-
-# Web search engines
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.main import SearchResult
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.utils import get_web_loader
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.ollama import search_ollama_cloud
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.perplexity_search import search_perplexity_search
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.brave import search_brave
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.brave_llm_context import search_brave_llm_context
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.kagi import search_kagi
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.mojeek import search_mojeek
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.bocha import search_bocha
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.duckduckgo import search_duckduckgo
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.google_pse import search_google_pse
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.jina_search import search_jina
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.searchapi import search_searchapi
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.serpapi import search_serpapi
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.searxng import search_searxng
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.yacy import search_yacy
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.serper import search_serper
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.serply import search_serply
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.serpstack import search_serpstack
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.tavily import search_tavily
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.bing import search_bing
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.azure import search_azure
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.exa import search_exa
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.perplexity import search_perplexity
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.sougou import search_sougou
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.firecrawl import search_firecrawl
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.external import search_external
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.yandex import search_yandex
-from open_webui.retrieval.web.ydc import search_youcom
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.utils import (
-    build_loader_from_config,
-    filter_accessible_collections,
-    get_content_from_url,
-    get_embedding_function,
-    get_reranking_function,
-    get_model_path,
-    query_collection,
-    query_collection_with_hybrid_search,
-    query_doc,
-    query_doc_with_hybrid_search,
-)
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import filter_metadata
-from open_webui.utils.misc import (
-    calculate_sha256_string,
-    sanitize_text_for_db,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
-
 from open_webui.config import (
+    DEFAULT_LOCALE,
     ENV,
+    RAG_EMBEDDING_CONTENT_PREFIX,
     RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE,
     RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE,
+    RAG_EMBEDDING_QUERY_PREFIX,
     RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE,
     RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE,
     UPLOAD_DIR,
-    DEFAULT_LOCALE,
-    RAG_EMBEDDING_CONTENT_PREFIX,
-    RAG_EMBEDDING_QUERY_PREFIX,
 )
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import (
     DEVICE_TYPE,
     DOCKER,
     RAG_EMBEDDING_TIMEOUT,
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_BACKEND,
-    SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_MODEL_KWARGS,
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_BACKEND,
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS,
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_SIGMOID_ACTIVATION_FUNCTION,
+    SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_MODEL_KWARGS,
 )
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_db, get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.files import FileModel, Files, FileUpdateForm
+from open_webui.models.knowledge import Knowledges
 
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+# Document loaders
+from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.youtube import YoutubeLoader
+from open_webui.retrieval.utils import (
+    build_loader_from_config,
+    filter_accessible_collections,
+    get_content_from_url,
+    get_embedding_function,
+    get_model_path,
+    get_reranking_function,
+    query_collection,
+    query_collection_with_hybrid_search,
+    query_doc,
+    query_doc_with_hybrid_search,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.async_client import ASYNC_VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.factory import VECTOR_DB_CLIENT
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import filter_metadata
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.azure import search_azure
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.bing import search_bing
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.bocha import search_bocha
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.brave import search_brave
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.brave_llm_context import search_brave_llm_context
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.duckduckgo import search_duckduckgo
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.exa import search_exa
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.external import search_external
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.firecrawl import search_firecrawl
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.google_pse import search_google_pse
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.jina_search import search_jina
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.kagi import search_kagi
+
+# Web search engines
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.main import SearchResult
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.mojeek import search_mojeek
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.ollama import search_ollama_cloud
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.perplexity import search_perplexity
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.perplexity_search import search_perplexity_search
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.searchapi import search_searchapi
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.searxng import search_searxng
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.serpapi import search_serpapi
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.serper import search_serper
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.serply import search_serply
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.serpstack import search_serpstack
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.sougou import search_sougou
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.tavily import search_tavily
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.utils import get_web_loader
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.yacy import search_yacy
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.yandex import search_yandex
+from open_webui.retrieval.web.ydc import search_youcom
+from open_webui.storage.provider import Storage
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission
+from open_webui.utils.access_control.files import has_access_to_file
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.misc import (
+    calculate_sha256_string,
+    sanitize_text_for_db,
+)
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -162,7 +154,7 @@ def get_ef(
 
 def get_rf(
     engine: str = '',
-    reranking_model: Optional[str] = None,
+    reranking_model: str | None = None,
     external_reranker_url: str = '',
     external_reranker_api_key: str = '',
     external_reranker_timeout: str = '',
@@ -249,7 +241,7 @@ router = APIRouter()
 
 
 class CollectionNameForm(BaseModel):
-    collection_name: Optional[str] = None
+    collection_name: str | None = None
 
 
 class ProcessUrlForm(CollectionNameForm):
@@ -257,7 +249,7 @@ class ProcessUrlForm(CollectionNameForm):
 
 
 class SearchForm(BaseModel):
-    queries: List[str]
+    queries: list[str]
 
 
 @router.get('/embedding')
@@ -302,14 +294,14 @@ class AzureOpenAIConfigForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class EmbeddingModelUpdateForm(BaseModel):
-    openai_config: Optional[OpenAIConfigForm] = None
-    ollama_config: Optional[OllamaConfigForm] = None
-    azure_openai_config: Optional[AzureOpenAIConfigForm] = None
+    openai_config: OpenAIConfigForm | None = None
+    ollama_config: OllamaConfigForm | None = None
+    azure_openai_config: AzureOpenAIConfigForm | None = None
     RAG_EMBEDDING_ENGINE: str
     RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL: str
-    RAG_EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE: Optional[int] = 1
-    ENABLE_ASYNC_EMBEDDING: Optional[bool] = True
-    RAG_EMBEDDING_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: Optional[int] = 0
+    RAG_EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE: int | None = 1
+    ENABLE_ASYNC_EMBEDDING: bool | None = True
+    RAG_EMBEDDING_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: int | None = 0
 
 
 def unload_embedding_model(request: Request):
@@ -566,153 +558,153 @@ async def get_rag_config(request: Request, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
 
 
 class WebConfig(BaseModel):
-    ENABLE_WEB_SEARCH: Optional[bool] = None
-    WEB_SEARCH_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    WEB_SEARCH_TRUST_ENV: Optional[bool] = None
-    WEB_SEARCH_RESULT_COUNT: Optional[int] = None
-    WEB_SEARCH_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: Optional[int] = None
-    WEB_SEARCH_DOMAIN_FILTER_LIST: Optional[List[str]] = []
-    WEB_FETCH_MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH: Optional[int] = None
-    WEB_LOADER_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: Optional[int] = None
-    BYPASS_WEB_SEARCH_EMBEDDING_AND_RETRIEVAL: Optional[bool] = None
-    BYPASS_WEB_SEARCH_WEB_LOADER: Optional[bool] = None
-    OLLAMA_CLOUD_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SEARXNG_QUERY_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    SEARXNG_LANGUAGE: Optional[str] = None
-    YACY_QUERY_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    YACY_USERNAME: Optional[str] = None
-    YACY_PASSWORD: Optional[str] = None
-    GOOGLE_PSE_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    GOOGLE_PSE_ENGINE_ID: Optional[str] = None
-    BRAVE_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    BRAVE_SEARCH_CONTEXT_TOKENS: Optional[int] = None
-    KAGI_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    MOJEEK_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    BOCHA_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SERPSTACK_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SERPSTACK_HTTPS: Optional[bool] = None
-    SERPER_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SERPLY_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    DDGS_BACKEND: Optional[str] = None
-    TAVILY_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SEARCHAPI_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SEARCHAPI_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    SERPAPI_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    SERPAPI_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    JINA_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    JINA_API_BASE_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    BING_SEARCH_V7_ENDPOINT: Optional[str] = None
-    BING_SEARCH_V7_SUBSCRIPTION_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    EXA_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    PERPLEXITY_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    PERPLEXITY_MODEL: Optional[str] = None
-    PERPLEXITY_SEARCH_CONTEXT_USAGE: Optional[str] = None
-    PERPLEXITY_SEARCH_API_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    SOUGOU_API_SID: Optional[str] = None
-    SOUGOU_API_SK: Optional[str] = None
-    WEB_LOADER_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    WEB_LOADER_TIMEOUT: Optional[str] = None
-    ENABLE_WEB_LOADER_SSL_VERIFICATION: Optional[bool] = None
-    PLAYWRIGHT_WS_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    PLAYWRIGHT_TIMEOUT: Optional[int] = None
-    FIRECRAWL_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    FIRECRAWL_API_BASE_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    FIRECRAWL_TIMEOUT: Optional[str] = None
-    TAVILY_EXTRACT_DEPTH: Optional[str] = None
-    EXTERNAL_WEB_SEARCH_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    EXTERNAL_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    EXTERNAL_WEB_LOADER_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    EXTERNAL_WEB_LOADER_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    YOUTUBE_LOADER_LANGUAGE: Optional[List[str]] = None
-    YOUTUBE_LOADER_PROXY_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    YOUTUBE_LOADER_TRANSLATION: Optional[str] = None
-    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_CONFIG: Optional[str] = None
-    YOUCOM_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
+    ENABLE_WEB_SEARCH: bool | None = None
+    WEB_SEARCH_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    WEB_SEARCH_TRUST_ENV: bool | None = None
+    WEB_SEARCH_RESULT_COUNT: int | None = None
+    WEB_SEARCH_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: int | None = None
+    WEB_SEARCH_DOMAIN_FILTER_LIST: list[str | None] = []
+    WEB_FETCH_MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH: int | None = None
+    WEB_LOADER_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: int | None = None
+    BYPASS_WEB_SEARCH_EMBEDDING_AND_RETRIEVAL: bool | None = None
+    BYPASS_WEB_SEARCH_WEB_LOADER: bool | None = None
+    OLLAMA_CLOUD_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SEARXNG_QUERY_URL: str | None = None
+    SEARXNG_LANGUAGE: str | None = None
+    YACY_QUERY_URL: str | None = None
+    YACY_USERNAME: str | None = None
+    YACY_PASSWORD: str | None = None
+    GOOGLE_PSE_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    GOOGLE_PSE_ENGINE_ID: str | None = None
+    BRAVE_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    BRAVE_SEARCH_CONTEXT_TOKENS: int | None = None
+    KAGI_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    MOJEEK_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    BOCHA_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SERPSTACK_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SERPSTACK_HTTPS: bool | None = None
+    SERPER_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SERPLY_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    DDGS_BACKEND: str | None = None
+    TAVILY_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SEARCHAPI_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SEARCHAPI_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    SERPAPI_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    SERPAPI_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    JINA_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    JINA_API_BASE_URL: str | None = None
+    BING_SEARCH_V7_ENDPOINT: str | None = None
+    BING_SEARCH_V7_SUBSCRIPTION_KEY: str | None = None
+    EXA_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    PERPLEXITY_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    PERPLEXITY_MODEL: str | None = None
+    PERPLEXITY_SEARCH_CONTEXT_USAGE: str | None = None
+    PERPLEXITY_SEARCH_API_URL: str | None = None
+    SOUGOU_API_SID: str | None = None
+    SOUGOU_API_SK: str | None = None
+    WEB_LOADER_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    WEB_LOADER_TIMEOUT: str | None = None
+    ENABLE_WEB_LOADER_SSL_VERIFICATION: bool | None = None
+    PLAYWRIGHT_WS_URL: str | None = None
+    PLAYWRIGHT_TIMEOUT: int | None = None
+    FIRECRAWL_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    FIRECRAWL_API_BASE_URL: str | None = None
+    FIRECRAWL_TIMEOUT: str | None = None
+    TAVILY_EXTRACT_DEPTH: str | None = None
+    EXTERNAL_WEB_SEARCH_URL: str | None = None
+    EXTERNAL_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    EXTERNAL_WEB_LOADER_URL: str | None = None
+    EXTERNAL_WEB_LOADER_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    YOUTUBE_LOADER_LANGUAGE: list[str | None] = None
+    YOUTUBE_LOADER_PROXY_URL: str | None = None
+    YOUTUBE_LOADER_TRANSLATION: str | None = None
+    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_URL: str | None = None
+    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    YANDEX_WEB_SEARCH_CONFIG: str | None = None
+    YOUCOM_API_KEY: str | None = None
 
 
 class ConfigForm(BaseModel):
     # RAG settings
-    RAG_TEMPLATE: Optional[str] = None
-    TOP_K: Optional[int] = None
-    BYPASS_EMBEDDING_AND_RETRIEVAL: Optional[bool] = None
-    RAG_FULL_CONTEXT: Optional[bool] = None
+    RAG_TEMPLATE: str | None = None
+    TOP_K: int | None = None
+    BYPASS_EMBEDDING_AND_RETRIEVAL: bool | None = None
+    RAG_FULL_CONTEXT: bool | None = None
 
     # Hybrid search settings
-    ENABLE_RAG_HYBRID_SEARCH: Optional[bool] = None
-    ENABLE_RAG_HYBRID_SEARCH_ENRICHED_TEXTS: Optional[bool] = None
-    TOP_K_RERANKER: Optional[int] = None
-    RELEVANCE_THRESHOLD: Optional[float] = None
-    HYBRID_BM25_WEIGHT: Optional[float] = None
+    ENABLE_RAG_HYBRID_SEARCH: bool | None = None
+    ENABLE_RAG_HYBRID_SEARCH_ENRICHED_TEXTS: bool | None = None
+    TOP_K_RERANKER: int | None = None
+    RELEVANCE_THRESHOLD: float | None = None
+    HYBRID_BM25_WEIGHT: float | None = None
 
     # Content extraction settings
-    CONTENT_EXTRACTION_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    PDF_EXTRACT_IMAGES: Optional[bool] = None
-    PDF_LOADER_MODE: Optional[str] = None
+    CONTENT_EXTRACTION_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    PDF_EXTRACT_IMAGES: bool | None = None
+    PDF_LOADER_MODE: str | None = None
 
-    DATALAB_MARKER_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_API_BASE_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_ADDITIONAL_CONFIG: Optional[str] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_SKIP_CACHE: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_FORCE_OCR: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_PAGINATE: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_STRIP_EXISTING_OCR: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_DISABLE_IMAGE_EXTRACTION: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_FORMAT_LINES: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_USE_LLM: Optional[bool] = None
-    DATALAB_MARKER_OUTPUT_FORMAT: Optional[str] = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_API_BASE_URL: str | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_ADDITIONAL_CONFIG: str | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_SKIP_CACHE: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_FORCE_OCR: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_PAGINATE: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_STRIP_EXISTING_OCR: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_DISABLE_IMAGE_EXTRACTION: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_FORMAT_LINES: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_USE_LLM: bool | None = None
+    DATALAB_MARKER_OUTPUT_FORMAT: str | None = None
 
-    EXTERNAL_DOCUMENT_LOADER_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    EXTERNAL_DOCUMENT_LOADER_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
+    EXTERNAL_DOCUMENT_LOADER_URL: str | None = None
+    EXTERNAL_DOCUMENT_LOADER_API_KEY: str | None = None
 
-    TIKA_SERVER_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    DOCLING_SERVER_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    DOCLING_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    DOCLING_PARAMS: Optional[dict] = None
-    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_ENDPOINT: Optional[str] = None
-    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_MODEL: Optional[str] = None
-    MISTRAL_OCR_API_BASE_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    MISTRAL_OCR_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    PADDLEOCR_VL_BASE_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    PADDLEOCR_VL_TOKEN: Optional[str] = None
+    TIKA_SERVER_URL: str | None = None
+    DOCLING_SERVER_URL: str | None = None
+    DOCLING_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    DOCLING_PARAMS: dict | None = None
+    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_ENDPOINT: str | None = None
+    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_KEY: str | None = None
+    DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE_MODEL: str | None = None
+    MISTRAL_OCR_API_BASE_URL: str | None = None
+    MISTRAL_OCR_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    PADDLEOCR_VL_BASE_URL: str | None = None
+    PADDLEOCR_VL_TOKEN: str | None = None
 
     # MinerU settings
-    MINERU_API_MODE: Optional[str] = None
-    MINERU_API_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    MINERU_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    MINERU_API_TIMEOUT: Optional[str] = None
-    MINERU_PARAMS: Optional[dict] = None
+    MINERU_API_MODE: str | None = None
+    MINERU_API_URL: str | None = None
+    MINERU_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    MINERU_API_TIMEOUT: str | None = None
+    MINERU_PARAMS: dict | None = None
 
     # Reranking settings
-    RAG_RERANKING_MODEL: Optional[str] = None
-    RAG_RERANKING_ENGINE: Optional[str] = None
-    RAG_RERANKING_BATCH_SIZE: Optional[int] = None
-    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_URL: Optional[str] = None
-    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_API_KEY: Optional[str] = None
-    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_TIMEOUT: Optional[str] = None
+    RAG_RERANKING_MODEL: str | None = None
+    RAG_RERANKING_ENGINE: str | None = None
+    RAG_RERANKING_BATCH_SIZE: int | None = None
+    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_URL: str | None = None
+    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_API_KEY: str | None = None
+    RAG_EXTERNAL_RERANKER_TIMEOUT: str | None = None
 
     # Chunking settings
-    TEXT_SPLITTER: Optional[str] = None
-    ENABLE_MARKDOWN_HEADER_TEXT_SPLITTER: Optional[bool] = None
-    CHUNK_SIZE: Optional[int] = None
-    CHUNK_MIN_SIZE_TARGET: Optional[int] = None
-    CHUNK_OVERLAP: Optional[int] = None
+    TEXT_SPLITTER: str | None = None
+    ENABLE_MARKDOWN_HEADER_TEXT_SPLITTER: bool | None = None
+    CHUNK_SIZE: int | None = None
+    CHUNK_MIN_SIZE_TARGET: int | None = None
+    CHUNK_OVERLAP: int | None = None
 
     # File upload settings
-    FILE_MAX_SIZE: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
-    FILE_MAX_COUNT: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
-    FILE_IMAGE_COMPRESSION_WIDTH: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
-    FILE_IMAGE_COMPRESSION_HEIGHT: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None
-    ALLOWED_FILE_EXTENSIONS: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    FILE_MAX_SIZE: Union[int, str | None] = None
+    FILE_MAX_COUNT: Union[int, str | None] = None
+    FILE_IMAGE_COMPRESSION_WIDTH: Union[int, str | None] = None
+    FILE_IMAGE_COMPRESSION_HEIGHT: Union[int, str | None] = None
+    ALLOWED_FILE_EXTENSIONS: list[str | None] = None
 
     # Integration settings
-    ENABLE_GOOGLE_DRIVE_INTEGRATION: Optional[bool] = None
-    ENABLE_ONEDRIVE_INTEGRATION: Optional[bool] = None
+    ENABLE_GOOGLE_DRIVE_INTEGRATION: bool | None = None
+    ENABLE_ONEDRIVE_INTEGRATION: bool | None = None
 
     # Web search settings
-    web: Optional[WebConfig] = None
+    web: WebConfig | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/config/update')
@@ -1341,7 +1333,7 @@ def save_docs_to_vector_db(
     request: Request,
     docs,
     collection_name,
-    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+    metadata: dict | None = None,
     overwrite: bool = False,
     split: bool = True,
     add: bool = False,
@@ -1539,8 +1531,8 @@ def save_docs_to_vector_db(
 
 class ProcessFileForm(BaseModel):
     file_id: str
-    content: Optional[str] = None
-    collection_name: Optional[str] = None
+    content: str | None = None
+    collection_name: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/process/file')
@@ -1767,7 +1759,7 @@ async def process_file(
 class ProcessTextForm(BaseModel):
     name: str
     content: str
-    collection_name: Optional[str] = None
+    collection_name: str | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/process/text')
@@ -2357,10 +2349,10 @@ async def _validate_collection_access(collection_names: list[str], user, access_
 class QueryDocForm(BaseModel):
     collection_name: str
     query: str
-    k: Optional[int] = None
-    k_reranker: Optional[int] = None
-    r: Optional[float] = None
-    hybrid: Optional[bool] = None
+    k: int | None = None
+    k_reranker: int | None = None
+    r: float | None = None
+    hybrid: bool | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/query/doc')
@@ -2423,12 +2415,12 @@ async def query_doc_handler(
 class QueryCollectionsForm(BaseModel):
     collection_names: list[str]
     query: str
-    k: Optional[int] = None
-    k_reranker: Optional[int] = None
-    r: Optional[float] = None
-    hybrid: Optional[bool] = None
-    hybrid_bm25_weight: Optional[float] = None
-    enable_enriched_texts: Optional[bool] = None
+    k: int | None = None
+    k_reranker: int | None = None
+    r: float | None = None
+    hybrid: bool | None = None
+    hybrid_bm25_weight: float | None = None
+    enable_enriched_texts: bool | None = None
 
 
 @router.post('/query/collection')
@@ -2581,24 +2573,24 @@ async def reset_upload_dir(user=Depends(get_admin_user)) -> bool:
 if ENV == 'dev':
 
     @router.get('/ef/{text}')
-    async def get_embeddings(request: Request, text: Optional[str] = 'Hello World!'):
+    async def get_embeddings(request: Request, text: str | None = 'Hello World!'):
         return {'result': await request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION(text, prefix=RAG_EMBEDDING_QUERY_PREFIX)}
 
 
 class BatchProcessFilesForm(BaseModel):
-    files: List[FileModel]
+    files: list[FileModel]
     collection_name: str
 
 
 class BatchProcessFilesResult(BaseModel):
     file_id: str
     status: str
-    error: Optional[str] = None
+    error: str | None = None
 
 
 class BatchProcessFilesResponse(BaseModel):
-    results: List[BatchProcessFilesResult]
-    errors: List[BatchProcessFilesResult]
+    results: list[BatchProcessFilesResult]
+    errors: list[BatchProcessFilesResult]
 
 
 @router.post('/process/files/batch')
@@ -2622,12 +2614,12 @@ async def process_files_batch(
     if collection_name:
         await _validate_collection_access([collection_name], user, access_type='write')
 
-    file_results: List[BatchProcessFilesResult] = []
-    file_errors: List[BatchProcessFilesResult] = []
-    file_updates: List[FileUpdateForm] = []
+    file_results: list[BatchProcessFilesResult] = []
+    file_errors: list[BatchProcessFilesResult] = []
+    file_updates: list[FileUpdateForm] = []
 
     # Prepare all documents first
-    all_docs: List[Document] = []
+    all_docs: list[Document] = []
 
     for file in form_data.files:
         try:
@@ -2653,7 +2645,7 @@ async def process_files_batch(
                 continue
 
             text_content = file.data.get('content', '')
-            docs: List[Document] = [
+            docs: list[Document] = [
                 Document(
                     page_content=text_content.replace('<br/>', '\n'),
                     metadata={

backend/open_webui/routers/scim.py

@@ -7,31 +7,27 @@ NOTE: This is an experimental implementation and may not fully comply with SCIM
 
 import hmac
 import logging
-import uuid
 import time
-from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any
+import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Query, Header, status
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Header, HTTPException, Query, Request, status
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, ConfigDict
-
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserModel
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups, GroupModel
+from open_webui.config import OAUTH_PROVIDERS
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import SCIM_AUTH_PROVIDER
+from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.groups import GroupModel, Groups
+from open_webui.models.users import UserModel, Users
 from open_webui.utils.auth import (
+    decode_token,
     get_admin_user,
     get_current_user,
-    decode_token,
     get_verified_user,
 )
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-
-from open_webui.config import OAUTH_PROVIDERS
-from open_webui.env import SCIM_AUTH_PROVIDER
-
-
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/skills.py

@@ -1,28 +1,25 @@
 import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.skills import (
+    SkillAccessListResponse,
+    SkillAccessResponse,
     SkillForm,
     SkillModel,
     SkillResponse,
-    SkillUserResponse,
-    SkillAccessResponse,
-    SkillAccessListResponse,
     Skills,
+    SkillUserResponse,
 )
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import filter_allowed_access_grants, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_permission, filter_allowed_access_grants
-
-from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/tasks.py

@@ -1,40 +1,36 @@
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Response, status, Request
-from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
-
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from typing import Optional
 import logging
 import re
+from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.utils.chat import generate_chat_completion
-from open_webui.utils.task import (
-    title_generation_template,
-    follow_up_generation_template,
-    query_generation_template,
-    image_prompt_generation_template,
-    autocomplete_generation_template,
-    tags_generation_template,
-    emoji_generation_template,
-    moa_response_generation_template,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES, TASKS
-
-from open_webui.routers.pipelines import process_pipeline_inlet_filter
-
-from open_webui.utils.task import get_task_model_id
-
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
 from open_webui.config import (
-    DEFAULT_TITLE_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
-    DEFAULT_FOLLOW_UP_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
-    DEFAULT_TAGS_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
-    DEFAULT_IMAGE_PROMPT_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
-    DEFAULT_QUERY_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
     DEFAULT_AUTOCOMPLETE_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
     DEFAULT_EMOJI_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
+    DEFAULT_FOLLOW_UP_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
+    DEFAULT_IMAGE_PROMPT_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
     DEFAULT_MOA_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
+    DEFAULT_QUERY_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
+    DEFAULT_TAGS_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
+    DEFAULT_TITLE_GENERATION_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
     DEFAULT_VOICE_MODE_PROMPT_TEMPLATE,
 )
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES, TASKS
+from open_webui.routers.pipelines import process_pipeline_inlet_filter
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
+from open_webui.utils.chat import generate_chat_completion
+from open_webui.utils.task import (
+    autocomplete_generation_template,
+    emoji_generation_template,
+    follow_up_generation_template,
+    get_task_model_id,
+    image_prompt_generation_template,
+    moa_response_generation_template,
+    query_generation_template,
+    tags_generation_template,
+    title_generation_template,
+)
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/routers/terminals.py

@@ -12,14 +12,13 @@ from urllib.parse import unquote
 import aiohttp
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Request, Response, WebSocket
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, StreamingResponse
-from starlette.background import BackgroundTask
-
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_connection_access
-from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
 from open_webui.config import TERMINAL_PROXY_HEADERS
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.users import Users
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import has_connection_access
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_verified_user
+from starlette.background import BackgroundTask
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -199,6 +198,7 @@ async def _resolve_authenticated_connection(ws: WebSocket, server_id: str):
     """
     import asyncio
     import json
+
     from open_webui.utils.auth import decode_token
 
     # First-message authentication

backend/open_webui/routers/tools.py

@@ -1,44 +1,43 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
+import re
+import time
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
-import time
-import re
+
 import aiohttp
-from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL, CACHE_DIR
+from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-
-
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
 from open_webui.models.tools import (
+    ToolAccessResponse,
     ToolForm,
     ToolModel,
     ToolResponse,
-    ToolUserResponse,
-    ToolAccessResponse,
     Tools,
+    ToolUserResponse,
 )
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrants
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import (
+    filter_allowed_access_grants,
+    has_access,
+    has_permission,
+)
+from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from open_webui.utils.plugin import (
+    get_tool_module_from_cache,
     load_tool_module_by_id,
     replace_imports,
-    get_tool_module_from_cache,
     resolve_valves_schema_options,
 )
-from open_webui.utils.tools import get_tool_specs
-from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import (
-    has_permission,
-    has_access,
-    filter_allowed_access_grants,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.tools import get_tool_servers
-
-from open_webui.config import CACHE_DIR, BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
-from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.utils.tools import get_tool_servers, get_tool_specs
+from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -248,7 +247,7 @@ def github_url_to_raw_url(url: str) -> str:
     return url
 
 
-@router.post('/load/url', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/load/url', response_model=dict | None)
 async def load_tool_from_url(request: Request, form_data: LoadUrlForm, user=Depends(get_admin_user)):
     # NOTE: This is NOT a SSRF vulnerability:
     # This endpoint is admin-only (see get_admin_user), meant for *trusted* internal use,
@@ -323,7 +322,7 @@ async def export_tools(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/create', response_model=Optional[ToolResponse])
+@router.post('/create', response_model=ToolResponse | None)
 async def create_new_tools(
     request: Request,
     form_data: ToolForm,
@@ -401,7 +400,7 @@ async def create_new_tools(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}', response_model=Optional[ToolAccessResponse])
+@router.get('/id/{id}', response_model=ToolAccessResponse | None)
 async def get_tools_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     tools = await Tools.get_tool_by_id(id, db=db)
 
@@ -448,7 +447,7 @@ async def get_tools_by_id(id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSes
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/update', response_model=Optional[ToolModel])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/update', response_model=ToolModel | None)
 async def update_tools_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -541,7 +540,7 @@ class ToolAccessGrantsForm(BaseModel):
     access_grants: list[dict]
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/access/update', response_model=Optional[ToolModel])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/access/update', response_model=ToolModel | None)
 async def update_tool_access_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -634,7 +633,7 @@ async def delete_tools_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_tools_valves_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -676,7 +675,7 @@ async def get_tools_valves_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/spec', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/spec', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_tools_valves_spec_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -726,7 +725,7 @@ async def get_tools_valves_spec_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/update', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/update', response_model=dict | None)
 async def update_tools_valves_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -789,7 +788,7 @@ async def update_tools_valves_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_tools_user_valves_by_id(
     id: str, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -826,7 +825,7 @@ async def get_tools_user_valves_by_id(
         )
 
 
-@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user/spec', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/id/{id}/valves/user/spec', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_tools_user_valves_spec_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,
@@ -871,7 +870,7 @@ async def get_tools_user_valves_spec_by_id(
     return None
 
 
-@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/user/update', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/id/{id}/valves/user/update', response_model=dict | None)
 async def update_tools_user_valves_by_id(
     request: Request,
     id: str,

backend/open_webui/routers/users.py

@@ -1,46 +1,40 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Optional
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import base64
 import io
-
+import logging
+from typing import Optional
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
-from fastapi.responses import Response, StreamingResponse, FileResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-
-
-from open_webui.models.auths import Auths
-from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
-
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-
-from open_webui.models.users import (
-    UserModel,
-    UserGroupIdsModel,
-    UserGroupIdsListResponse,
-    UserInfoResponse,
-    UserInfoListResponse,
-    UserRoleUpdateForm,
-    UserStatus,
-    Users,
-    UserSettings,
-    UserUpdateForm,
-)
-
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, Response, StreamingResponse
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
 from open_webui.env import ENABLE_PROFILE_IMAGE_URL_FORWARDING, PROFILE_IMAGE_ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES, STATIC_DIR
 from open_webui.internal.db import get_async_session
-
-
+from open_webui.models.auths import Auths
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.oauth_sessions import OAuthSessions
+from open_webui.models.users import (
+    UserGroupIdsListResponse,
+    UserGroupIdsModel,
+    UserInfoListResponse,
+    UserInfoResponse,
+    UserModel,
+    UserRoleUpdateForm,
+    Users,
+    UserSettings,
+    UserStatus,
+    UserUpdateForm,
+)
+from open_webui.socket.main import disconnect_user_sessions
+from open_webui.utils.access_control import get_permissions, has_permission
 from open_webui.utils.auth import (
     get_admin_user,
     get_password_hash,
     get_verified_user,
     validate_password,
 )
-from open_webui.utils.access_control import get_permissions, has_permission
-from open_webui.socket.main import disconnect_user_sessions
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -59,10 +53,10 @@ PAGE_ITEM_COUNT = 30
 
 @router.get('/', response_model=UserGroupIdsListResponse)
 async def get_users(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_admin_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -114,10 +108,10 @@ async def get_all_users(
 
 @router.get('/search', response_model=UserInfoListResponse)
 async def search_users(
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
-    direction: Optional[str] = None,
-    page: Optional[int] = 1,
+    query: str | None = None,
+    order_by: str | None = None,
+    direction: str | None = None,
+    page: int | None = 1,
     user=Depends(get_verified_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session),
 ):
@@ -275,7 +269,7 @@ async def update_default_user_permissions(request: Request, form_data: UserPermi
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/user/settings', response_model=Optional[UserSettings])
+@router.get('/user/settings', response_model=UserSettings | None)
 async def get_user_settings_by_session_user(
     user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -372,7 +366,7 @@ async def update_user_status_by_session_user(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.get('/user/info', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.get('/user/info', response_model=dict | None)
 async def get_user_info_by_session_user(user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)):
     # user already fetched by get_verified_user — no need to refetch
     return user.info
@@ -383,7 +377,7 @@ async def get_user_info_by_session_user(user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: Asy
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/user/info/update', response_model=Optional[dict])
+@router.post('/user/info/update', response_model=dict | None)
 async def update_user_info_by_session_user(
     form_data: dict, user=Depends(get_verified_user), db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_async_session)
 ):
@@ -408,8 +402,8 @@ async def update_user_info_by_session_user(
 
 class UserActiveResponse(UserStatus):
     name: str
-    profile_image_url: Optional[str] = None
-    groups: Optional[list] = []
+    profile_image_url: str | None = None
+    groups: list | None = []
 
     is_active: bool
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
@@ -536,7 +530,7 @@ async def get_user_active_status_by_id(
 ############################
 
 
-@router.post('/{user_id}/update', response_model=Optional[UserModel])
+@router.post('/{user_id}/update', response_model=UserModel | None)
 async def update_user_by_id(
     user_id: str,
     form_data: UserUpdateForm,

backend/open_webui/routers/utils.py

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-import black
-import logging
-import markdown
+from __future__ import annotations
 
-from open_webui.models.chats import ChatTitleMessagesForm
+import logging
+
+import black
+import markdown
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
 from open_webui.config import DATA_DIR, ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from starlette.responses import FileResponse
-
-
-from open_webui.utils.misc import get_gravatar_url
-from open_webui.utils.pdf_generator import PDFGenerator
+from open_webui.models.chats import ChatTitleMessagesForm
 from open_webui.utils.auth import get_admin_user, get_verified_user
 from open_webui.utils.code_interpreter import execute_code_jupyter
+from open_webui.utils.misc import get_gravatar_url
+from open_webui.utils.pdf_generator import PDFGenerator
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from starlette.responses import FileResponse
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)